CONDITIONAL SENTENCE (Kalimat Pengandaian)

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES/KALIMAT PENGANDAIAN

Conditional Sentences digunakan menyatakan tentang kemungkinan yang akan terjadi atau mengandaikan sesuatu situasi ternentu. Conditional sentences terdiri atas dua bagian atau clausa yaitu “If” dan “main” clause.
Zero Conditional	First Conditional	Second Conditional	Third Conditional
Digunakan untuk kejadian atau peristiwa yang selalu terjadi, atau rutinitas, atau alami, menurut kehendak lama, atau menurut sifat dari benda itu sendiri.	Digunakan untuk kondisi nyata pada sasat itu atau saat yangakandatang, hal itu memungkinkan bisa terjadi, jika syarat terpenuhi.atau dilakukan.	Digunakan untuk sesuatu menyatakan sesuatu yang tidak nyata dan tidak mungkin akan terjadi pada saat diandaikan itu. Dan keadaannya berlawanan.	Digunakan untuk sesuatu yang  telah terjadi atau nyata tidak terjadi pada waktu lampau, dan diandaikan sebaliknya. Ini biasanya bersifat penyesalan.

1. Future Possible (Kemungkinan di masa akan datang)

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang akan dilakukan / terjadi di masa akan datang bila suatu syarat dipenuhi. Kemungkinan terjadinya perbuatan itu bergantung pada syaratnya dipenuhi atau tidak. (sikap pembicara dalam hal ini netral dan masih menunjukkan harapan bahwa perbuatan tersebut dapat terjadi).

Susunan Kalimat

Main Clause,              Sub Clause

Simple Future,          Simple Present

 Sub Clause,                Main Clause
 Simple Present           Simple Future,

Rumus Verbal Sentence:

If + S1 + V-1+O, S2 + Modal (will, can, may, must) +V-1
S1 + Modal 1 (will, can, may, must) +V-1, if + S + V-1+O.
Examples:
If you stay in a hospital, the nurse will always serve you there.
The doctor will answer the patients' question if they ask him.
If you don't have breakfast, you will get hungry during the class.
Water freezes/will freeze, if the temperature goes  below 32 degrees Fahrenheit or zero degree Celsius.
If the weather is nice tomorrow, I will go on a picnic.

Rumus Nominal sentence:
If + S1 + to be 1(am, are, is) N.V, S2 + Modal 1 (will, can, may, must) +be+N.V
S1 + Modal 1 (will, can, may, must) +be+N.V, if + S1 + to be 1(am, are, is) N.V.
Examples:
If you are healthy, you will be happy.
You can be here anytime, if you  are willing.
If you are hungry, you will be weak.
If I am at home, I will be online.

Rumus mixed sentence:
If + S1 + V-1+O,  S2 + Modal 1 (will, can, may, must) +be+N.V 

S1 + Modal 1 (will, can, may, must) +V-1, if + S2 + to be 1(am, are, is) N.V.

If + S1 + to be 1(am, are, is) N.V, S2 + Modal 1 (will, can, may, must) +V-1
Examples:
If you ask the question to the doctor, he will be happy.
Everybody can work hard, if he is healthy.
If the student is sad, he can not study seriously.
I will be very happy, if you can come to my birthday party.

Subject + will, can, must, may, shall+ V_-1 + C , Subject + V_-s/es + C 
-  We will go to the meeting if we have time
-  You will get to the meeting, in time if you take a taxi.
-  If there is cancellation of his program, we shall ring him.
-  If you are unable to comply with our request, we shall have to cancel our order.
-  The doctor will operate the patient, if the family give the agreement to do the operation.
-  If the patient is willing to take the medicine regularly, he will get well soon.
Notes:
N.V = non verb atau bukan kata kerja
V-1 with s/es= goes, meets, visits, drinks

V-1 without s/es +go, meet, visit, drink.
be 1= am, are, is
Modal 1= will, may, can, must, shall, ought to, have to.

Exercises for the Conditional Sentence Type 1.

A.    Form the conditional sentences using the words provided!

1.      If I (go) to the cinema, I (watch) an interesting film.

2.      You (pass) the exam if you (study) hard.

3.      If the sun (shine) clearly, we (walk) down to the town.

4.      He (see) the doctor if he (have) high temperature.

5.      If my friends (come) to my house, I (be) very happy.

6.      We (visit) ‘Monjali’ if we (go) to Jogjakarta.

7.      If you (wear) sandal to climb the mountain, you (slip) on the rocks.

8.      The teacher (give) low mark if the student (forget) to do his homework.

9.      If we (go) to the mountain, we (see) the beautiful scenery.

10.  I (ask) my parents if you (wait) me a minute.

11.  The students (get) good mark if they (study) seriously.

12.  If my father (give) me much money, I (save) it in the bank.

13.  The teacher (be) angry if the student (come) to school late.

14.  If Rudi (buy) a new car, he (drive) it with me.

15.  Pamela (drink) fresh water if she (not feel) thirsty.

16.  If Afghan (send) her letter, Audi (answer it promptly.

17.   Martine (call) Misty if you (let) him know her mobile phone number.

18.  If Dewy (cook) nice food, Rialto (eat) it much.

19.  Angora (wear) a new dress if he (go) to your party.  

20.  If Yenta (lend) me the Novel, I (read) it soon.

B.     Match the sentences in the group A with the ones in the group B!

The sentences in group A are written as follows:

1.       If the manager arrives, --------------------------------------------------------

2.      If you call my office, ----------------------------------------------------

3.      We will leave Donny-----------------------------------------------

4.      If the guest pays by credit card--------------------------------------------

5.      If the phone rings-------------------------------------------------

6.      She will help you doing the homework -----------------------------------------.

7.      If the guest reserves a room by phone-----------------------------------------

8.      If you contact the room service, ---------------------------------------------

9.      Anita will watch TV----------------------------------------------

10.  If Riesa meets you, ------------------------------------

11.   If she feels sleepy, -----------------------------------------

12.  If they know your number, -------------------------------------

Here are the sentences belong to group B:

a.       I will give him your message.

b.      We will need to confirm.

c.       The operator will connect it to my room.

d.      If you ask her.

e.       You will need to ask his signature.

f.       They will send your order to your room.

g.      Can you answer it for me, please?

h.      If he doesn't come on time.

i.        They will call you soon.

j.        He will sleep on the sofa.

k.      She will speak to you.

l.        If she finishes studying.

C.     Complete the sentences below using the appropriate words!

1.    Tina: Tom, what is your plan tonight?

       Tom: Well, if it …. raining, I will go out. How about you, Tina?

       Tina: Mm, I have no idea yet, any suggestion?

       Tom: How about watching movie in 21?

       Tina: It sounds good, but depends on the weather. If it doesn't rain, I … join you.

2.    Zulia: I have a problem with my body. I have to get diet.

Nurse: If you want to lose your weight, you … eat less rice.

 Zulia: Well, but can’t stand being hungry. May I eat some fries instead of the rice?

 Nurse: Mm, that is fatty food. You … eat that food, too.

 Zulia: Oh, I see. Thank you.

 Nurse: Welcome.

3.    Rita: Hi, Ryan, do you know Tom, don’t you?

Ryan: That’s good, so if you see Tom tomorrow, ….you ask him to ring me up?

Rita: Okay, I … let him know if I see him.

4.    Teacher: Hi, everybody, so what do you get from the experiment today?

Students: The conclusion is, if we heat ice, then it …. to water.

Teacher: That is great. You have got it, the, Thank you, students.

Students: You are welcome, Sir.

5.    Mother: Please have breakfast, my dear son.

Son: Well mom, I lose my appetite.

Mother: If you …. breakfast, you get hungry in the class this morning.

6.    Teacher: Well, the time is over, what is your opinion now?

Student: Okay, if temperature goes below 32⁰ F or 0⁰ C.

Teacher: That what I want. Good job.

Students: Thank you Mom.

7.    Donny: Hi, Diaz, do have any plan next Sunday?

Diaz: Well, I will go in picnic if the weather … nice next Sunday.

Donny: Great. May I join?

Diaz: Why not.

8.    Sari: Can you accompany me tomorrow, Nadine?

Nadine: If I have much time, I … go with you, sari.

9.    Retina: Why don’t you reply my SMS, Reno?

Reno: I didn't have pulse with me last night.

Retina: Please reply it whenever I text you.

Reno: Okay, I ...reply it if I have pulse.

10.  Teacher: Rudy, where is Tania?

Students: She is absent, Sir.

Teacher: Is she ill?

Students: We don’t know yet, Sir. But, we will … her if she is ill.

Teacher: That is good.

Student: Thank you, Sir.

D.    Complete the sentences below with your own words in the conditional sentences type 1!

1.    If I see the doctor, -----------------------------------

2.    If you don’t serve the patients well, ---------------------------------

3.    -----------------------------if we visit the patient in the hospital.

4.    Unless the workers get a pay rise, ---------------------------------

5.    -----------------------------if you have the appointment.

6.    If you push the power button in the computer---------------------------------

7.    -------------------------------if you don’t pass the exam.

8.    If you don’t water the plants soon------------------------------------

9.     ------------------------------if they don’t go to bed early.

10.  If you are late to school again-----------------------------